Category: Radiology

Categories
Radiology

Upper lobe shadowing: causes

BREASTS

  • Beryllium
  • Radiation
  • Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
  • Ankylosing spondylitis
  • Sarcoidosis
  • TB
  • Silicosis
Categories
Radiology

T2 vs T1 MRI scan

“WW 2” (World War II)

Water is White in a T2 scan.

Conversely, a T1 scan shows fat as being whiter.

Categories
Radiology

Osteoarthritis: x-ray signs

LOSS

  • Loss of joint space
  • Osteopyhtes
  • Subcondral sclerosis
  • Subchondral cysts
Categories
Radiology

Elbow ossification centers in sequence

CRITOE

  • Capitellum
  • Radial head
  • Internal epicondyle
  • Trochlea
  • Olecranon
  • External epicondyle
  • 1 year
  • 3 years
  • 5 years
  • 7 years
  • 9 years
  • 11 years
Categories
Radiology

Chest X-ray: cavitating lesions differential

“If you see HOLES on chest X-ray, they are WEIRD“

  • Wegener’s granulomatosis (now formally known as granulomatosis with polyangiitis)
  • Embolic (pulmonary, septic)
  • Infection (anaerobes, pneumocystis, TB)
  • Rheumatoid (necrobiotic nodules)
  • Developmental cysts (sequestration)
  • Histiocytosis
  • Oncological
  • Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
  • Environmental, occupational
  • Sarcoid

Alternatively: L=Left atrial myxoma

Cavitating Lung Lesion: there is a large right upper lobe cavitatory lesion, with air-fluid level. Left midzone atelectasis. No pleural effusion. Cardiomediastinal contour is within normal limits. No destruction bone lesion.

Categories
Radiology

Chest X-ray: analysis

Preliminary is ABCDEF

  • AP or PA
  • Body position
  • Confirm name
  • Date
  • Exposure
  • Films for comparison

Analysis is ABCDEF

  • Airways (hilar adenopathy or enlargement)
  • Breast shadows/ Bones (rib fractures, lytic bone lesions)
  • Cardiac silhoutte (cardiac enlargement)/ Costophrenic angles (pleural effusions)
  • Diaphragm (evidence of free air)/ Digestive tract
  • Edges (apices for fibrosis, pneumothorax, pleural thickening or plaques)/ Extrathoracic tissues
  • Fields (evidence of alveolar filling)/ Failure (alveolar air space disease with prominent vascularity with or without pleural effusions)
Categories
Radiology

Chest x-ray: checklist to examine

“Pamela Found Our Rotation Particularly Exciting; Very Highly Commended Mainly ‘Cus She Arouses”

  • Patient details
  • Film details
  • Objects (e.g. lines, electrodes)
  • Rotation
  • Penetration
  • Expansion
  • Vessels
  • Hila
  • Costophrenic angles
  • Mediastinum
  • Cardiothoracic Ratio
  • Soft tissues and bones
  • Air (diaphragm, pneumothorax, subcut. emphysema)
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